Please visit the new Responsible Purchasing Network website at: www.ResponsiblePurchasing.org.

Green Purchasing Policies

Read "Policy Updates Inspire Environmental Purchasing"
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The federal government and 47 U.S. states have "buy-recycled" policies. Last year, their recycled-content purchases and those of individual consumers prevented the release of more than 33 million tons of carbon dioxide, roughly the amount emitted annually by 25 million cars. Many state and local governments, however, are moving beyond "buy-recycled" to incorporate additional environmental considerations into their purchasing practices and policies.

The policies collected below reflect the growing number of environmental purchasing approaches. They are organized alphabetically by state and are also organized by topic and type (e.g., executive order, statute, etc.).

We recognize that this list is not exhaustive and welcome any suggestions and/or policies you have.  Please share them by emailing us at rpn@newdream.org.

Policy Guidelines
In addition to the individual policies listed below, the Center for a New American Dream has produced a report, Environmental Purchasing Policies 101(pdf 397 kb), that summarizes common elements found in current environmental purchasing policies and provides sample policy language. The report was originally prepared for the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC), which manages the North American Green Purchasing Initiative (NAGPI). For a short summary of the report's findings, read the related Government Procurement article "Policy Updates Inspire Environmental Purchasing." (pdf)

Model Policies

Alameda County, California (Alameda County Waste Management Authority and Source Reduction and Recycling Board)
Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Model Policy

Date: September 24, 2003
Type: Model Policy

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils), Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Green Buildings, Integrated Pest Management, Landscaping, Paper, Vehicles (Alternative Fuel Vehicles), Wood Products (Sustainably Managed Forests)
Attributes: Durability, Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Energy Star Compliant), Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Human Health Factors, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced), Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials (Lead Reduction, Mercury Reduction, Chlorine-free), Remanufactured/Used, Renewable Materials (Bio-based Products), Reusable, Waste Prevention, Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
Alameda County's Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Model Policy provides for the purchase of products that minimize environmental impacts, toxics, pollution, and hazards to worker and community safety that can be easily adapted by others. It includes sections on the following topics: source reduction, recycled content products, energy and water savings, green building, landscaping, toxics and pollution, forest conservation, and agricultural bio-based products. Also see the related implementation guidance at http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/EPP/LawPolicy/AlaPolImp.doc

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King County, WA
Model Recycled Product Procurement Policy

Date: March 1997
Type: Model Policy

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Price Preference, Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials

Summary:
After receiving numerous inquiries about its own environmental purchasing policy, King County prepared a sample policy for easy adoption by others. It includes flexible language and additional recommendations and suggestions to make it easily adaptable for local needs and preferences.

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National Association of Counties
Sample Purchasing Resolution on the Procurement of Environmentally Preferable Products

Date: 2000
Type: Model Policy

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Price Preference, Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Renewable Materials, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
The National Association of Counties prepared a sample purchasing resolution as part of its "Environmental Purchasing Starter Kit." The policy can be easily tailored to meet local needs and preferences.

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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Final Guidance on Environmentally Preferable Purchasing

Date: 1999
Type: Model Policy

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: N/A

Summary:
As part of its environmentally preferable purchasing guidance, EPA developed a sample policy statement that is included in Appendix C of its Final Guidance on Environmentally Preferable Purchasing .

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INTERNATIONAL

Manitoba, Canada
Sustainable Development Procurement Guidelines

Date: December 6, 2000
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Antifreeze, Re-Refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Compost Mulch, Paint, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products) , Plastic Products, Vehicles (Alternative Fuel Vehicles)
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Renewable Energy) , Human Health Factors, Life Cycle Cost, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced, Recyclable or Reusable, Recycled or Reused) , Pollution Prevention, Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Remanufactured/Used, Resource Conservation, Reusable, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Manitoba's Sustainable Development Procurement Guidelines directs the province to take into account human health, environmentally sustainable economic development, resource and energy conservation, and waste and pollution prevention as well as value, performance, and need when procuring goods and services. The Procurement Guidelines also establish a government-wide Procurement Council to address procurement issues and a Sustainable Development Procurement Guideline Implementation Committee to oversee the implementation process. All departments are required to produce an annual written report. In the future, local authorities, school divisions, universities, colleges, regional health authorities, and hospitals will also need to adopt such procurement guidelines.

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Manitoba, Canada
Procurement Policy

Date: June 20, 2001
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Best Value Approach, Full Cost Accounting, Human Health Factors, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Remanufactured/Used

Summary:
Manitoba's Procurement Policy states that procurement of goods and services will be consistent with its Sustainable Development Procurement Guidelines. This includes giving preference to environmentally preferable products when performance and price are comparable to conventional products and considering full cost accounting when making purchasing decisions.

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Manitoba, Canada
Sustainable Development Act

Date: June 28, 1997
Type: Act

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Full Cost Accounting, Human Health Factors, Monitoring/Review System, Recycling, Renewable Materials, Resource Conservation, Reusable, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Manitoba's Sustainable Development Act establishes a framework to promote sustainable development, including the creation of the Manitoba Round Table for Sustainable Development as well as sustainable development principles, guidelines, strategies, indicators, and code of practice. The Act also calls for the establishment of sustainable development procurement guidelines that must be incorporated into the procurement manuals and procedures of Crown corporations, provincial public sector organizations, and eventually local authorities. Progress regarding procurement must be reported in a Sustainability Report and annual report of Crown corporations and provincial public sector organizations.

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STATES

California (California Resources Agency)
Waste Reduction Policy

Date: June 8, 2000
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Paper (Copy/Writing Paper)
Attributes: Durability, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced) , Recycled Content (Post-consumer), Recycling, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Remanufactured/Used, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
The California Resources Agency's Waste Reduction Policy seeks to minimize waste through waste prevention, re-use, recycling, and procurement practices. The procurement component directs the agency to buy recycled content products when quality and availability are similar. This includes purchasing copy paper with at least 30% post-consumer recycled content, employing "recycled-content only" bids, and minimizing packaging.

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California (Department of Water Resources)
Policy on Waste Reduction and Recycling

Date: June 2002
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Compost Mulch, Metal Products, Paint, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products) , Plastic Products
Attributes: Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
The California Department of Water Resources' Policy on Waste Reduction and Recycling promotes the purchase of environmentally preferable products. Although recycled content is the environmental attribute of most concern, the Department also looks at manufacturing practices, reusability, and recyclability when making purchasing decisions. Additional information can be found at http://www.pd.dgs.ca.gov/ .

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California (California Integrated Waste Management Board)
In-House Waste Reduction and Recycled-Content Product Procurement Policy

Date: May 27, 1999
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires)
Attributes: Durability, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced) , Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
The California Integrated Waste Management Board's In-House Waste Reduction and Recycled Content Product Procurement Policy supports the purchase of products that reduce waste and contain recycled content in all aspects of its business operations. The policy also states preference for products that are recyclable, reusable, and/or durable. Goals are outlined for procuring products that contain recycled content, minimize waste, and are reusable.

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California
Task Force Charter

Date: April 22, 2003
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Durability, Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Life Cycle Cost, Packaging, Reusable, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention

Summary:
California's Task Force Charter, part of the implementation of Assembly Bill 498, establishes an EPP Task Force that provides state agencies with information and assistance regarding environmentally preferable purchasing. The Task Force supports EPP by developing policies, guidelines, programs, and regulations; incorporating life cycle considerations into the procurement process; providing training programs; creating a best practices manual; and serving as the state contact for EPP issues.

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California
Section 12400 of California's Public Contract Code

Date: September 16, 2002
Type: Administrative Code

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Durability, Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Packaging, Recycled Content, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Section 12400 of California's Public Contract Code, formerly known as Assembly Bill 498, instructs the Department of General Services to provide state agencies with information and assistance regarding environmentally preferable purchasing. This includes developing strategies to increase environmentally preferable purchasing, coordinating with other organizations and programs, implementing training programs, and developing a best practices manual.

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California
Electronic Waste Recycling Act

Date: September 25, 2003
Type: Act

Product Categories: Computers
Attributes: Recyclable, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials

Summary:
California's Electronic Waste Recycling Act, formerly known as Senate Bill 20, creates a system for collecting and recycling electronic products in which a fee is collected at the point of sale and subsequently distributed to qualified e-waste recyclers. The law strives to reduce hazardous substances in electronic products in accordance with the European Union's Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS) Directive. There are also provisions that instruct manufacturers to report on hazardous materials in their products and provide consumers with information on how to recycle electronics. Additionally, the State is instructed to establish environmental purchasing criteria.

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Connecticut
Act Establishing a Comprehensive Policy for the Purchase of Environmentally Friendly Products

Date: 1999
Type: Legislative Proposal (Draft)

Product Categories: Paper, Vehicles
Attributes: Recycled Content (Post-consumer)

Summary:
This 1999 Legislative bill proposed 30 percent post-consumer waste as a minimum requirement for the state's paper purchases. It also adopted federal mileage rating standards for the state's motor vehicle fleet.

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Georgia
Official Code of Georgia Requirements

Date: 1999
Type: Administrative Code

Product Categories : Automotive Products (Retread Tires), Compost Mulch, Paper
Attributes: Durability, Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Life Cycle Cost, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced) , Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Resource Conservation, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
The Official Code of Georgia Requirements mandates the purchase of recycled content paper products, retread tires, and compost mulch. State agencies are also encouraged to procure products with one or more of the following attributes: minimal use of energy and natural resources, minimal end product waste, minimal packaging waste, low toxicity, high capability of being recycled or reused, and increased durability. Life cycle costing is also an important consideration. Additional information available at: http://www2.state.ga.us/Departments/doas/procure/environ/environment.html

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Illinois
Executive Order No. 11: Executive Order for State Government Green Activities

Date: December 5, 2001
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Carpet, Computers, Green Buildings, Lighting, Paint, Photocopiers, Printers, Vehicles (Alternative Fuel Vehicles)
Attributes: Durability, Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Energy Star Compliant), Packaging (Minimized/Reduced), Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Illinois' Executive Order No. 11 covers the state's greening activities with sections devoted to waste reduction, energy efficiency, environmentally preferable purchasing, and green buildings. It specifically requests that zero or low volatile organic compound (VOC) paints; post-consumer recycled carpets, tiles, and carpet backing; Energy Star compliant electronic equipment; and photocopiers and printers with duplexing capability be made available on state product lists and master contracts. It also contains provisions to expand green building practices in construction and renovation projects.

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Illinois
Executive Order No. 6: Executive Order Establishing the Green Illinois Government Coordinating Council

Date: 2000
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Green Buildings
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Resource Conservation, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention, Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
Illinois' Executive Order No. 6 establishes the Green Illinois Government Coordinating Council, which develops programs, plans, and policies applicable to state agencies that prevent pollution and conserve natural resources. The Council is also responsible for reviewing state procurement guidelines and recommending measures for increasing the procurement of products and services that demonstrate environmentally preferable attributes. These attributes include recycled content, energy efficiency, water conservation, toxics use reduction, conservation of natural resources, green building design, and waste minimization.

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Illinois
Executive Order No. 6: Renewable Energy Executive Order for State Government

Date: April 22, 2002
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Renewable Energy), Renewable Materials

Summary:
Under Executive Order No. 6, Illinois' executive state agencies that purchase energy must explore policies and programs to incrementally increase purchases of energy from renewable sources. By 2010, at least 5 percent of the yearly electricity used by buildings owned or operated by executive state agencies must originate from renewable energy sources. This percentage must increase to at least 15% by 2020. Renewable sources include wind, solar thermal, photovoltaic cells and panels, dedicated crops grown for energy production, organic waste biomass, and hydropower.

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Indiana
Executive Order 99-07: Greening the Government

Date: April 22, 1999
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils), Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Paint
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Printing, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Renewable Materials (Bio-based Products) , Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Indiana's Greening the Government Executive Order directs state agencies to purchase re-refined lubricating oil or bio-based oils when available. It established a task force to monitor implementation of energy efficient and recycled content purchasing requirements, source reduction activities in government operations, and ongoing lead and mercury assessments for state facilities. The taskforce is also "greening" lease and vendor requirements and policies for printing, cleaning, painting and vehicle maintenance operations. Additional information available at: www.state.in.us/idem/greening/

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Iowa
Executive Order No. 56

Date: February 13, 1995
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Paper
Attributes:Packaging (Minimized/Reduced) , Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Under Iowa's Executive Order No. 56, all state agencies are ordered to maximize efforts to "purchase and use products made from recycled materials." It established a goal for 2000 that 90 percent of all paper purchases contain a minimum of 20 percent post-consumer content. It also required purchasers to consider whether products are recyclable when discarded, are reusable instead of disposable, have minimal packaging, and are less toxic.

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Massachusetts
801 CMR 21.00: Procurement of Commodities or Services

Date: April 18, 1997
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Antifreeze, Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Carpet, Cleaning Products and Remanufactured/Used, Maintenance Supplies, Lighting, Paint, Plastic Products
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Human Health Factors, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials (Mercury Reduction) , Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
The purpose of Massachusetts' Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Program is to strengthen markets for recyclable materials and minimize the environmental and health impacts associated with products throughout their life cycle. It has established minimum specifications for recycled content, energy or water conservation, and toxic waste for many products, including janitorial products. The program has developed specifications for recycled antifreeze, re-refined motor oil, retread tires, recycled traffic cones, energy-efficient office equipment, recycled carpeting, remanufactured hospital equipment, energy efficient lighting, non-mercury alternatives, recycled content paint, and remanufactured vehicle parts. Additional information available at: www.state.ma.us/osd/enviro/enviro.htm

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Minnesota
Chapter 16B.122 of Minnesota Statutes

Date: 2000
Type: Act/Statute

Product Categories: Paper
Attributes: Price Preference, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials (Chlorine-free) , Renewable Materials (Soy-based Inks)

Summary:
Chapter 16B.122 of Minnesota's Statutes mandates public entities to purchase paper with a minimum of 10 percent post-consumer content that is manufactured with little or no chlorine bleach or chlorine derivatives. It also recommends the use of soy-based inks and includes a 10 percent price preference for recycled content products.

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Missouri
Chapter 34 Section 34.031 of Missouri Revised Statutes

Date: August 28, 1999
Type: Act/Statute

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Compost Mulch, Paper
Attributes: Cooperative Purchasing, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Price Preference, Recycled Content, Renewable Materials (Soy-based Inks) , Waste Prevention

Summary:
To save money and increase the availability of environmentally preferable products, Chapter 34 Section 34.031 of Missouri's Revised Statutes requires the development of a cooperative purchasing policy. It also avoids purchasing foam products manufactured with ozone depleting substances and actively promotes the purchase of recycled oil, retread tires, compost materials, and recycled paper products. The policy establishes a 10 percent price preference for recycled-content paper and soy-based printing inks.

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Montana
Executive Order 03-01: Executive Order Directing Energy Conservation Measures Be Taken in State Buildings

Date: March 29, 2001
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Lighting
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
Montana's Executive Order Directing Energy Conservation Measures Be Taken in State Buildings instructs all state government agencies to integrate conservation measures into the operation of their facilities and reduce their electricity consumption by 10%. These conservation practices include the use of fluorescent lighting and implementing energy improvement projects in state buildings.

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Montana
Section 75-10-806 of the Montana Integrated Waste Management Act

Date: 1991
Type: Act/Statute

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Glass Products, Paper, Plastic Products
Attributes: Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP

Summary:
Section 75-10-806 of the Montana Integrated Waste Management Act orders the Department of Administration to include requirements for recycled content in purchasing specifications for paper products, plastic products, glass products, automobile and truck tires, motor oil and lubricants, and others. For paper specifically, 95% of the paper products used by state agencies, universities, and the legislature must be made from recycled material that maximizes post-consumer content. The Act also establishes a multi-stakeholder Recycling Market Development Task Force to assist in creating environmentally preferable purchasing specifications, expand the market for recycled materials, identify barriers to purchasing recycled materials, and develop a state employee education program.

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New Jersey
Executive Order No. 91

Date: May 3, 1993
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Compost Mulch, Metal Products, Paper
Attributes: Price Preference, Recycled Content, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP

Summary:
New Jersey's Executive Order No. 91 establishes a coordinator to work interdepartmentally for the procurement of recycled products. It requires several products to contain recycled content including paper, oil, tires, mulch, asphalt, fencing, and signposts. The executive order also establishes a 10 percent price preference. Additional information available at: www.state.nj.us/treasury/purchase/recyclecontent.htm#intro

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North Carolina
Executive Order No.156: State Government Environmental Sustainability, Reduction of Solid Waste, and Procurement of Environmentally Preferable Products

Date: July 20, 1999
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Computers, Paper, Vehicles (Alternative Fuel Vehicles)
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Energy Star Compliant) , Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Pollution Prevention, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Remanufactured/Used, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention

Summary:
North Carolina's Executive Order No. 156 requires each agency to designate an Environmental Sustainability Officer and an individual to coordinate and oversee environmental procurement. Agencies give preference to products that are more energy efficient, less toxic, and less polluting. By fiscal year 2000-01, 100 percent of paper purchases will contain recycled content. By 2004, at least 75 percent of light duty cars and trucks purchased by state agencies will be alternative-fueled or low emission vehicles; all electronic office equipment will be Energy Star compliant; agencies will increase purchases of re-manufactured and used equipment. Additional information available at: www.sustainablenc.org/

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Oregon
Executive Order EO-00-07: Development of a State Strategy Promoting Sustainability in Internal State Government Operations

Date: May 17, 2000
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Furniture, Green Buildings, Paper, Vehicles
Attributes: Cooperative Purchasing, Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Renewable Energy) , Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Renewable Materials, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP

Summary:
Oregon's Executive Order EO-00-07 requires the Department of Administrative Services (DAS) to enter into joint bidding agreements with other state and local governments to save money and promote sustainability. DAS will also purchase renewable energy, including wind, solar, geothermal, and biomass. By June 2001, the newly formed Sustainable Suppliers Council will develop sustainability purchasing policies, targets, and benchmarks for paper products, building construction, cleaning products and coatings, motor vehicles, and office furniture.

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Oregon
Oregon Sustainability Act

Date: July 3, 2001
Type: Act/Statute

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Life Cycle Cost, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Resource Conservation, Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
The Oregon Sustainability Act includes a section that addresses state procurement. The act states that purchases should enhance environmental, economic, and societal well being; promote improvements in the efficient use of energy, water, and resources; reduce the emission of hazardous materials; and reflect the lowest life cycle costs.

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Pennsylvania
Executive Order No. 1998-1: Governor's Green Government Council

Date: March 25, 1998
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Life Cycle Cost, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP

Summary:
Pennsylvania's Executive Order No. 1998-1 establishes the Governor's Green Government Council. It also requires agencies to purchase environmentally friendly goods and services and to incorporate life cycle cost analysis when making purchasing decisions. Additional information available at: http://www.gggc.state.pa.us/purchase/

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Vermont
Executive Order No. 06-94: Establishing the Clean State Council

Date: April 22, 1994
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Metal Products, Paint, Paper, Plastic Products
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced) , Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials (Chlorine-free, Pesticide Use) , Resource Conservation, Reusable, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP

Summary:
Vermont's Executive Order No. 06-94 establishes the Vermont Clean State Council, which includes an environmental purchasing focus. The Council and the State's Purchasing Advisory Council are maximizing the use of chlorine-free recycled paper with the highest post-consumer content. It also promotes the purchase of non-toxic or less toxic cleaning and maintenance supplies, including paints and pesticides; goods and services that maximize resource conservation, toxic use reduction, and energy conservation; and products using reduced packaging materials or recycled materials. The Council is also promoting other recycled-content purchases, including metal products (such as sign posts), plastic products (such as traffic cones and office supplies), re-refined motor oils, and retread tires.

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Washington
Executive Order No. 02-03: Sustainable Practices by State Agencies

Date: September 18, 2002
Type: Executive Order

Product Categories: Vehicles
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Remanufactured/Used, Resource Conservation, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention, Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
Washington's Executive Order No. 02-03 directs all state agencies to adopt sustainable practices, including submitting a biennial Sustainability Plan and annually reporting on progress in implementing this plan. The Sustainability Plans address resource consumption; vehicle use; purchase of goods and services; and facility construction, operation, and maintenance by minimizing energy and water use; shifting to clean energy; reducing waste; and using non-toxic, recycled, and remanufactured materials. The executive order also created the position of Sustainability Coordinator and established a Sustainability Advisory Council to assist and advise state agencies.

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Wisconsin
Recycling Procurement Policy

Date: May 1, 2001
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils), Carpet, Furniture, Glass Products, Green Buildings, Metal Products, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products) , Plastic Products
Attributes: Durability, Life Cycle Cost, Monitoring/Review System, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced) , Price Preference, Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Waste Prevention

Summary:
Wisconsin's Recycling Procurement Policy advises the Bureau of Procurement and state agencies to purchase recycled products when feasible in order to promote recycling and reduce waste. The policy includes sections on requirements for specifications, bidding procedures, and purchasing recycled products through contracts. When appropriate, including life cycle cost in specifications is allowed.

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COUNTIES

Alameda County, California (Alameda County Waste Management Authority and Source Reduction and Recycling Board)
Environmental Purchasing Policy

Date: July 9, 2003
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Carpet, Computers, Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Compost Mulch, Green Buildings (LEED Certification) , Integrated Pest Management, Landscaping, Paint, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products), Wood Products (Sustainably Managed Forests)
Attributes: Durability, Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Energy Star Compliant) , Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Human Health Factors, Life Cycle Cost, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced, Recycled or Reused) , Pollution Prevention, Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials (Chlorine-Free, Lead Reduction, Mercury Reduction) , Remanufactured/Used, Renewable Materials (Bio-based Products) , Resource Conservation, Reusable, Take-Back (Packaging Take-Back, Product Take-Back) , Waste Prevention, Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
Alameda County's Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Policy encourages the purchase of products that minimize environmental impacts, toxics, pollution, and hazards to worker and community safety. In addition, it advocates the purchase of products that include recycled content, are durable and long-lasting, conserve energy and water, use agricultural fibers and residues, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, use unbleached or chlorine-free manufacturing processes, are lead-free and mercury-free, and use wood from sustainably managed forests. It includes sections on the following topics: source reduction, recycled content products, energy and water savings, green building, landscaping, toxics and pollution, and agricultural bio-based products.

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Chatham County, North Carolina
Resolution in Support of Chatham County Environmental Leadership

Date: Unknown
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Lighting
Attributes: Durability, Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced) , Price Preference, Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Chatham County's Resolution promotes the purchase of recycled-content, energy-efficient, more durable, recyclable, and reduced toxicity products. It requires the Building and Grounds Department to purchase energy-efficient lighting and concentrated, low-toxicity products to reduce packaging and shipping costs. The resolution also establishes a 10-15 percent price preference for recycled-content products.

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Gaston County, North Carolina
Resolution No. 2001-405 Solid Waste/Recycling

Date: October 11, 2001
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Recycled Content (Post-consumer), Recycling, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Gaston County's Resolution No. 2001-405 supports the purchase of recycled content products, with preference to those with high levels of post-consumer recycled content. The resolution also encourages establishing practices and polices that promote waste prevention and recycling.

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Hennepin County, Minnesota
Resolution No. 01-4-263

Date: April 17, 2001
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Monitoring/Review System, Recycled Content, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Resolution No. 01-4-263 orders the County Administrator to set minimum recycled content standards for certain products and develop procedures that explore environmentally preferable alternatives for purchases. County departments must appoint staff to evaluate product opportunities and procurement procedures as well as collect data on procurement results. County departments must also create plans containing at least five actions that significantly reduce waste generated from their operations to support the County's goal of an overall 10% reduction in waste by 2003.

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Land-of-Sky Regional Council, North Carolina
EPP Policy

Date: July 1, 2001
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Computers, Lighting, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products) , Photocopiers, Printers, Remanufactured/Refillable Laser and Toner Cartridges, Wood Products (No Rainforest/Tropical Wood)
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Energy Star Compliant), Monitoring/Review System, Price Preference, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials (Process Chlorine-free)

Summary:
As part of its EPP Policy, Land-of-Sky Regional Council purchases paper products that are process chlorine-free and/or contain at least 30% post-consumer content. A 5% price preference is authorized for products meeting either of these criteria. The policy also includes purchasing recycled computer disks, re-manufactured toner cartridges, products that do not contain rainforest or tropical wood, and energy efficient lighting and electronic equipment. The Council will track information on savings due to the purchase of EPP products and educate staff on EPP procedures.

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Kalamazoo County, Michigan
Waste Reduction Policy

Date: February 5, 1991
Type: Ordinance

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Price Preference, Recyclable, Recycled Content

Summary:
Approved by the Kalamazoo County Board of Commissioners, this ordinance requires all departments to incorporate environmentally responsible, recyclable, and recycled materials into their operations and establishes a 10 percent price preference for environmentally responsible items. All consumable items must be recyclable.

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King County, Washington
Recycled Product Procurement Policy

Date: February 24, 1995
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Paper
Attributes: Price Preference, Recycled Content

Summary:
King County requires recycled paper in all printed material, and provides a 15 percent price preference for recycled content products. While King County's policy is not as extensive as others, it has sparked significant environmental purchasing activities thanks to a dedicated environmental purchasing staff. Additional information available at: www.metrokc.gov/procure/green/index.htm .

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Kitsap County, Washington
Ordinance No. 233-1999

Date: April 26, 1999
Type: Ordinance

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials

Summary:
Approved by the Kitsap County Board of Commissioners, Ordinance No. 233-1999 requires every department to purchase environmentally preferable products and services without compromising budgetary or performance requirements. A primary objective of the ordinance is to replace toxic products with less toxic alternatives.

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Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Resolution Supporting Waste Reduction, Recycling, and Buy-Recycled Efforts

Date: August 3, 1996
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Paper (Copy/Writing Paper)
Attributes: Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Recycling, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Mecklenburg County's resolution instructs county employees to reduce waste, recycle office paper, and purchase products that contain recycled content, especially post-consumer recycled content. The resolution also establishes the Waste Reduction Task Force, whose duties include creating procedures and programs that promote the purchase of recycled and recyclable products and expand the county's internal recycling program.

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Nevada County, California
Green Procurement and Sustainable Practices Policy

Date: April 23, 2002
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Antifreeze, Re-Refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Carpet, Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Compost Mulch, Green Buildings, Paint, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products) , Plastic Products
Attributes: Durability, Monitoring/Review System, Packaging, Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer), Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Remanufactured/Used, Renewable Materials (Bio-based Products), Waste Prevention

Summary:
The County of Nevada's Green Procurement and Sustainable Practices Policy directs county agencies to purchase environmentally preferable products, particularly those with recycled content. The product categories to be considered include printing and writing papers (minimum 30% post-consumer recycled content); other paper products; cleaning products; re-manufactured paint; and construction, building, and maintenance products. Nevada County will also develop a monitoring and tracking system, educate staff, inform vendors, and produce an annual report on the progress of key product areas.

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Pasquotank County, North Carolina
Resolution

Date: September 17, 1990
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Price Preference, Recycled Content, Recycling

Summary:
Pasquotank County's Resolution supports the market for environmentally preferable products by committing to both purchasing products with recycled content and recycling products after they are used. The resolution also establishes a 10% price preference for recycled products.

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Sacramento County, California (Public Works Agency)
Environmental Purchasing Policy

Date: January 2001
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Antifreeze, Refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products) , Plastic Products, Remanufactured/Refillable Laser and Toner Cartridges
Attributes: Durability, Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Waste Prevention

Summary:
Sacramento County Public Works Agency's Environmental Purchasing Policy strongly encourages the purchase of environmentally preferable products when price and performance are comparable to conventional products. All departments and divisions must at a minimum evaluate certain product categories for environmentally preferable alternatives, including writing and printing paper (with a minimum of 30% post-consumer content), paper products, remanufactured laser printer toner cartridges and remanufactured or refillable ink-jet cartridges, re-refined antifreeze and lubricating oil, and retread tires.

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San Mateo County, California
Environmental Purchasing Policy

Date: 2001
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Green Buildings, Landscaping
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Packaging, Price Preference, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Renewable Materials, Resource Conservation, Waste Prevention, Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
San Mateo County's Environmental Purchasing Policy describes the county's desire to buy products with a reduced environmental impact. This includes purchasing products that contain recycled-content, prevent waste, use less harmful substances, conserve natural resources, and save energy and water. The policy also discusses greener options for packaging, buildings, and landscaping.

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Santa Clara County, California
Policy Related to the Purchase of Recycled Paper and Recycled Paper Products

Date: March 16, 1993
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products)
Attributes: Price Preference, Recycled Content (Post-consumer)

Summary:
Santa Clara County purchases recycled paper products when cost and performance are comparable to unrecycled paper products. The county is directed to purchase paper products containing at least 50% recycled material by weight, with at least 10% consisting of post-consumer waste. The policy also includes a price preference for recycled paper products, to be determined by the purchasing agent.

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Santa Cruz County, California
Untitled

Date: Undated
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Wood Products (No Rainforest/Tropical Wood)
Attributes: Price Preference, Recycled Content

Summary:
Santa Cruz established a 10 percent price preference for recycled-content products and domestically produced and packed vegetables. It also prohibits the use of tropical hardwoods or tropical hardwood products.

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Sarasota County, Florida
Procurement Code Ordinance No. 2003-084

Date: November 4, 2003
Type: Ordinance

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Human Health Factors, Packaging, Life Cycle Cost, Reusable

Summary:
Sarasota County's Ordinance No. 2003-084 amends its Procurement Code, and features a provision that gives preference to products and services that are safer for the environment and human health. The evaluation of products and services includes life cycle cost considerations such as raw materials acquisition, production, manufacturing, packaging, distribution, reuse, operation, maintenance, and disposal at end-of-life. All Sarasota County's purchases fall under this code. The County is also developing training materials to help purchasers comply with the code.

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Sarasota County, Florida
Resolution No. 02-119

Date: May 7, 2002
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Green Buildings, Landscaping
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency (Renewable Energy) , Human Health Factors, Recycling, Staffed Position, Task Force, or Council on EPP, Waste Prevention, Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
Sarasota County's Resolution No. 02-119 authorizes the creation of policies, guidelines, and actions to support sustainability. This includes procuring environmentally preferable products, establishing energy efficiency standards, and implementing green building practices. The resolution also allows the County Administrator to develop sustainable stewardship educational programs for staff and the community as well as establish an Office of Sustainability.

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Sarasota County, Florida
Resolution No. 95-121 (Currently N/A)

Date: June 13, 1995
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Integrated Pest Management
Attributes: Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP

Summary:
Sarasota County's Resolution No. 95-121 directs all county government agencies to implement integrated pest management (IPM) for both exterior and interior pest control. The resolution also establishes a multi-stakeholder Pest Management Advisory Board to make recommendations concerning pest management.

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Sarasota County, Florida
Administrative Directive No. 9.02A (Currently N/A)

Date: January 18, 1995
Type: Directive

Product Categories: Integrated Pest Management
Attributes: Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP

Summary:
Sarasota County's Administrative Directive No. 9.02A outlines policies and procedures for County staff involved with pest control and vegetation management. Specifically, applicable county departments must develop written integrated pest and vegetation management plans as outlined in the directive. The directive also requests that the County Administrator appoint a Pest Management Coordinator and all applicable county departments designate an IPM Coordinator.

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Sarasota County, Florida
Ordinance No. 2001-081 (Currently N/A)

Date: November 13, 2001
Type: Ordinance

Product Categories: Landscaping
Attributes: Water Conservation/Efficiency

Summary:
Sarasota County's Ordinance No. 2001-081 promotes water conservation by requiring resourceful landscaping, water efficient irrigation, and proper maintenance. Included is a limit on irrigated sod and turf to no more than 50% of the landscaped area. The ordinance applies to site and development plans, new single and multi-family residential structures, and horizontal additions to residential buildings (some exemptions apply).

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Ventura County, California
Green Procurement Policy

Date: January 15, 2002
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils), Compost Mulch, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper)
Attributes: Energy Conservation/Efficiency, Human Health Factors, Life Cycle Cost, Monitoring/Review System, Price Preference, Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials (Pesticide Use) , Renewable Materials, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Ventura County's Green Procurement Policy advises purchasing products that contain recycled content (especially post-consumer recycled content) when price and performance are comparable to conventional products. The purchase of products with other environmental attributes such as reusability, recyclability, reduced toxicity, energy-efficiency, and use of renewable materials is also encouraged. To guide product selection, life cycle cost analysis is employed and paper products receive a price preference of up to 10%. The county will develop a recording system to monitor progress and annually report on the county's environmentally preferable purchases.

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CITIES

Boulder, Colorado
Environmental Purchasing Policy Directive

Date: Undated
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Paper
Attributes: Cooperative Purchasing, Price Preference, Recycled Content (Post-consumer)

Summary:
Boulder's Environmental Purchasing Policy Directive allows city purchasers to require environmental attributes such as recycled content, accept environmentally preferable bids even if they are not the lowest cost, and award portions of a contract to bidders offering environmentally preferable products. It also establishes a 30 percent post-consumer content for recycled paper purchases and encourages the purchase of re-refined oil, retread tires, and other recycled and environmentally preferable products. In addition, the city lists products that must contain recycled content. The policy also promotes participation in cooperative purchasing programs.

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Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Resolution No. 96-5-29/R-19

Date: May 13, 1996
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Paper (Copy/Writing Paper)
Attributes: Recycled Content (Post-consumer)

Summary:
Chapel Hill's Resolution No. 96-5-29/R-19 sets standards for post-consumer recycled content for the town's paper purchases. Unless the difference between recycled and non-recycled paper is too great, all paper purchased by town departments and offices must contain a post-consumer recycled content level of at least 20% by 1996 and at least 30% by 1998.

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Cincinnati, Ohio
Ordinance No. 141-1994

Date: May 4, 1994
Type:  Ordinance

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Packaging (Recyclable or Reusable), Price Preference, Recyclable, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Reusable

Summary:
Cincinnati's Ordinance No. 141-1994 establishes several product-specific price preferences for recycled-content products. It also requires purchasers to consider the ability of products and packaging to be reused or recycled and the toxicity of the waste generated by using the products when making purchasing decisions.

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Exeter, California
Recycled Products Procurement Policy

Date: Undated
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Recycled Content (Post-consumer)

Summary:
To encourage the market for recycled products, Exeter implemented its Recycled Products Procurement Policy, which instructs all departments to purchase and use recycled products and materials whenever feasible. Special emphasis is placed on the purchase of products manufactured with post-consumer recycled content.

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Hendersonville, North Carolina
Resolution No. 01-0535

Date: May 10, 2001
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Paper (Copy/Writing Paper)
Attributes: Life Cycle Cost, Monitoring/Review System, Office Supplies Reuse Program, Price Preference, Printing (Default Printers to Duplexing, Double-Sided Printing/Photocopying, Electronic Communication) , Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Waste Prevention

Summary:
Hendersonville's Resolution No. 01-0535 adopts the city's Buy-Recycled Policy, which supports the purchase of recycled content products. When making a purchase, Department Heads are encouraged to use life cycle cost considerations and a 10-15% price preference for products with recycled content. The Finance Department is charged with tracking environmentally preferable purchases, including the percentage of recycled content. The resolution also emphasizes buying paper with a minimum post-consumer recycled content of 30% and preventing waste by printing/photocopying on both sides of paper, using e-mail in place of paper communication, and reusing office supplies.

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Hope Mills, North Carolina
Procurement Policy

Date: June 15, 2001
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Approved Products List, Monitoring/Review System, Packaging (Minimized/Reduced, Recyclable or Reusable) , Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer, Pre-consumer) , Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Hope Mills' Procurement Policy provides for the purchase of recycled, recyclable, and reusable products that maximize post-consumer and pre-consumer content. Products and packaging that minimize waste and toxics is preferred. As part of this policy, the town will maintain a list of recycled products, establish minimum recycled content standards, and track vendors carrying eligible products. Total purchases of recycled products will be monitored.

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Kansas City, Missouri
Green Purchasing Ordinance

Date: Undated
Type: Ordinance

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Antifreeze, Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Cleaning Products and Maintenance Supplies, Compost Mulch, Paint, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper, Other Paper Products) , Plastic Products, Vehicles (Alternative Fuel Vehicles)
Attributes: Price Preference, Recycled Content, Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Staffed Position, Council, or Task Force on EPP, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Kansas City's Green Purchasing Ordinance creates a Coordinating Committee on Environmentally Preferable Procurement that meets 10 times a year. The ordinance includes a list of environmentally preferable products including paper and paper products, compost products, construction aggregates, re-refined oil, antifreeze, recycled plastic products, remanufactured tires, paint, insulation, alternative fuels, and cleaning products. It also includes a 15% price preference for recycled-content products.

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Morro Bay, California
Resolution No. 08-94: A Resolution Approving Waste Diversion and Recycled Product Purchasing Policies

Date: March 28, 1994
Type: Resolution

Product Categories: Automotive Products (Re-refined Lubricating and Motor Oils, Retread Tires), Compost Mulch, Metal Products, Paper (Copy/Writing Paper) , Plastic Products
Attributes: Life Cycle Cost, Packaging (Recyclable or Reusable), Price Preference, Recyclable, Recycled Content (Post-consumer) , Reduced Toxics/Hazardous Materials, Reusable, Waste Prevention

Summary:
Morro Bay's Recycled Product Purchasing Policy promotes the purchase of products that are recyclable, reusable, and/or contain recycled materials. Price comparisons include a 10% price preference for environmentally preferable products and incorporate life cycle cost considerations. Using reusable and recyclable packaging and choosing products that minimize waste and toxics are encouraged. City departments must use paper products (stationery, business cards, copy paper, etc.) with post-consumer recycled content. Other product categories this policy applies to include compost, road signs, plastic products, and some automotive products.

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Phoenix, Arizona
Interim Purchasing Policy for Hazardous Materials

Date: 1996
Type: Miscellaneous

Product Categories: N/A
Attributes: Human Health Factors, Life Cycle Cost, Reduced To